Aortectasie refers to the dilation or enlargement of the aorta, which is the largest artery in the human body. This condition involves the abnormal stretching or bulging of the walls of the aorta, commonly caused by weakening or loss of elasticity in the vessel's structure. The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the heart to various parts of the body.
Aortectasie can occur in different segments of the aorta, including the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending aorta. The underlying factors contributing to this condition can be genetic or acquired, such as connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, aortic valve disorders, atherosclerosis, trauma, or infection.
Though aortectasie may not always present symptoms, it can potentially lead to serious complications, such as aneurysm formation, dissection, or rupture. Symptoms, if present, may include chest or back pain, difficulty breathing, hoarseness, or a pulsating sensation in the abdomen. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like echocardiography, CT scan, or MRI.
Treatment for aortectasie aims to prevent further enlargement and complications. It may involve regular monitoring with imaging, lifestyle modifications like blood pressure control, medication to slow the progression of aortic dilation, or surgical interventions such as aortic repair or replacement. The approach to treatment depends on the severity and location of the aortectasie, as well as the individual's overall health.
