ANTIBIOTIC ASSAY Meaning and
Definition
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Antibiotic assay refers to a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration or potency of antibiotics in a sample. This process involves measuring the effectiveness or inhibitory activity of the antibiotic against specific bacteria or microorganisms.
During an antibiotic assay, a standardized culture of the target bacteria or microorganism is prepared. Known concentrations of the antibiotic are then added to the cultures in varying amounts. The response of the bacteria or microorganism to the antibiotic is observed, typically by measuring the inhibition of growth.
The assay may employ different methods to assess the effectiveness of the antibiotic. This can include measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone formed around antibiotic-containing disks or wells in an agar plate, evaluating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) required to inhibit bacterial growth, or determining the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) necessary to kill the microorganisms.
Antibiotic assays are essential for determining the potency and efficacy of antibiotics, as well as assessing their susceptibility or resistance to specific bacteria or microorganisms. These assays are crucial in both research and clinical settings, aiding in the development, production, and quality control of antibiotics. Furthermore, antibiotic assays also play a significant role in monitoring microbial resistance and guiding physicians in choosing the most appropriate antibiotic treatment for bacterial infections.
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Etymology of ANTIBIOTIC ASSAY
The word "antibiotic" originates from the combination of two Greek words: "anti" meaning against, and "bios" meaning life. The term was coined in the early 20th century by the French bacteriologist René Dubos.
The word "assay" has its roots in Old French and Latin. In Old French, the word "assai" meant "to try" or "to test". It was derived from the Latin word "exagium" which also meant "to weigh" or "to test".
Therefore, the etymology of the phrase "antibiotic assay" involves the combination of "antibiotic" meaning against life, and "assay" meaning to test or weigh, which suggests that an antibiotic assay is a method or process of testing or evaluating the effectiveness of antibiotics against microorganisms.
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