Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH) is a medical condition characterized by bleeding into the space between the arachnoid membrane and pia mater (subarachnoid space) within the brain, caused by the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. It is a type of stroke with a sudden and severe onset, usually resulting from the rupture of a weak area in a blood vessel wall, leading to bleeding in the brain.
This condition typically presents as a sudden and severe headache, often described as the worst headache of the patient's life. Other common symptoms may include vomiting, nausea, neck stiffness, confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness. Additionally, individuals with aSAH may display signs of neurological deficits, such as limb weakness, speech difficulties, or visual disturbances.
Diagnosis is often made through imaging scans such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which can detect the presence of blood in the subarachnoid space. Neurological examinations and lumbar puncture may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible causes.
The management of aSAH typically involves immediate medical attention to stabilize the patient's condition and reduce the risk of complications. Treatment options may include surgical interventions to repair the ruptured aneurysm, endovascular coiling procedures to block or redirect blood flow, as well as supportive care aimed at addressing complications, preventing rebleeding, and managing symptoms.
The prognosis of aSAH can vary, depending on factors such as the size and location of the aneurysm, the severity of the bleeding, and the timing and adequacy of treatment. It is considered a life-threatening condition that requires urgent medical intervention to minimize potential
