Anasarca is a medical term used to describe an extreme and generalized swelling or edema of the body, often characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the subcutaneous tissues. It is a condition where an excessive amount of fluid leaks out of the blood vessels and accumulates in the interstitial spaces, leading to massive edema throughout the body.
This condition is caused by various underlying medical conditions or diseases such as heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, or severe malnutrition. When the heart, liver, or kidneys are unable to function properly, fluid can leak out from the blood vessels and become trapped in the tissues, resulting in anasarca.
The widespread swelling in anasarca is generally more pronounced in the legs, feet, and ankles, but can involve other areas of the body as well, including the abdomen, face, and hands. The excess fluid accumulation can cause significant discomfort, impair mobility, and lead to complications such as skin problems, skin breakdown, and infections.
Treatment for anasarca primarily focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the fluid retention, which often involves managing the associated disease or condition. Therapeutic interventions may include diuretic medications to promote fluid elimination, sodium and fluid restriction, and in severe cases, hospitalization for intravenous diuretic therapy.
Overall, anasarca is a medical condition characterized by widespread and severe edema or swelling throughout the body, often as a result of underlying medical conditions affecting the heart, liver, kidneys, or nutritional status.
