Amoebic Hepatic Abscess is a medical condition characterized by the formation of a pus-filled cavity in the liver, caused by the invasion of the liver tissue by a parasite known as Entamoeba histolytica. This parasite is typically found in contaminated food, water, or soil, commonly found in developing countries with poor sanitation practices.
The development of an amoebic hepatic abscess occurs when the parasite enters the body through ingestion and travels to the liver via the bloodstream. Once in the liver, it burrows into the liver tissue, leading to the formation of a single or multiple abscesses. These abscesses progressively enlarge and may cause symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, weight loss, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), and jaundice.
Diagnosis of amoebic hepatic abscess involves a combination of physical examination, medical history review, blood tests, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan. Detection of the parasite or its DNA in the liver abscess fluid is considered confirmatory.
Treatment for amoebic hepatic abscess includes a course of specific anti-parasitic medications, such as metronidazole and tinidazole, aimed at eliminating the parasite. In some cases, drainage of the abscess may be required, particularly if it is large or causing severe symptoms. With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for amoebic hepatic abscess is generally good, and the majority of patients experience a complete recovery. However, if left untreated, the condition may lead to severe complications, including liver failure or rupture of the abscess into neighboring organs.
