AIDS-related lymphomas refer to a group of lymphomas or cancers of the lymphatic system that occur in individuals who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The lymphatic system is a vital part of the body's immune system, responsible for fighting infections and diseases. However, in people with HIV/AIDS, the immune system becomes compromised, leading to a higher risk of developing certain types of cancers, including lymphomas.
AIDS-related lymphomas can be classified into two main types: non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the more common type and includes various subtypes such as Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and primary central nervous system lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma is less frequent but can also occur in individuals with HIV/AIDS.
These lymphomas typically manifest in lymph nodes and other organs, and they may spread to different parts of the body over time. Symptoms can include swelling of lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, fatigue, and unintended weight loss. Diagnosis often involves a biopsy of affected tissue and various imaging tests to determine the extent of cancer spread.
Treatment for AIDS-related lymphomas will depend on various factors such as the type and stage of the lymphoma, general health condition, and HIV treatment status. Common treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplantation. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for managing HIV is also integral to improve the body's immune system and decrease the risk of cancer progression.
Due to the weakened immune system in individuals with HIV/AIDS, the prognosis for AIDS-related lymphomas can be more challenging compared to lymphomas in HIV-negative individuals. However, advancements in HIV treatment and