The word "against" is spelled with the IPA transcription /əˈɡɛnst/ or "uh-gainst." The first syllable "uh" is an unstressed schwa sound, while the second syllable "gainst" is pronounced with a hard "g" and a long "a" sound. This spelling is somewhat unusual, as "against" is the only word in English to feature the "ga" cluster. However, the pronunciation is still easily recognizable and commonly used in everyday speech.
Against (preposition):
1. In opposition or contradiction to someone or something; opposing or resisting a particular action, belief, idea, or stance.
Example: The protesters rallied against the government's decision to cut funding for education.
2. Physically touching or making contact with something.
Example: The cat rubbed against my leg, seeking attention.
3. In close proximity to something or someone.
Example: The house is built against the mountain, providing a stunning view.
4. In anticipation of a possible adverse event.
Example: She always carries an umbrella against unexpected rain showers.
5. Acting as protection or a safeguard.
Example: Wearing a helmet and pads provides some protection against injuries during sports.
6. As a defense or countermeasure.
Example: The army fortified its positions against the impending attack.
7. As a precaution or preventive measure.
Example: Regular exercise and a healthy diet can fortify the body against various diseases.
8. In comparison to a standard or reference point.
Example: The athlete's time trial was against the clock, aiming to beat her personal record.
9. Expressing opposition or disapproval towards someone or something.
Example: I have nothing against you; I just don't agree with your methods.
10. As an unfavorable outcome or result.
Example: The odds were against him winning the race due to his recent injury.
In opposition to.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
* The statistics data for these misspellings percentages are collected from over 15,411,110 spell check sessions on www.spellchecker.net from Jan 2010 - Jun 2012.
The word "against" originated from the Old English term "ongegn" (or "ongean"), which is a combination of "on" (meaning "on" or "at") and "gegn" (meaning "against" or "towards"). It evolved from the Proto-Germanic word "*gagin-" or "*gaganan", which carried a similar meaning. This Proto-Germanic root can be traced back to the Proto-Indo-European word "*ghay-", meaning "with" or "together", which also gave rise to the Latin word "cum" (meaning "with"). Over time, "on-gegn" transformed into "againes", "agen", and eventually "against" in Middle English.