ADENOSINE Meaning and
Definition
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Adenosine is a naturally occurring purine nucleoside that is composed of adenine, a nitrogenous base, and ribose, a five-carbon sugar. It is an essential component of various biochemical processes in living organisms, particularly in the functioning of cells, tissues, and organs.
In biological systems, adenosine plays a crucial role as a building block for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary energy molecule used by cells. ATP stores and transfers energy within cells, allowing for various cellular activities such as muscle contraction, active transport, and enzyme regulation. Adenosine also participates in the formation of nucleic acids, which are crucial for DNA and RNA synthesis.
Adenosine has widespread effects on the cardiovascular system. It functions as a neurotransmitter that regulates blood flow by dilating blood vessels and promoting relaxation of smooth muscle in arteries. Additionally, it inhibits the release of various neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to sedative and calming effects on the central nervous system.
Medically, adenosine is used as a pharmaceutical agent in the treatment of certain cardiac arrhythmias, as it can transiently interrupt abnormal heart rhythms and restore normal sinus rhythm. Moreover, it is also used for diagnostic purposes in cardiac stress testing.
Overall, adenosine is a fundamental molecule in cellular metabolism, energy production, and cardiovascular regulation, making it a vital component for the proper functioning of living organisms.
Common Misspellings for ADENOSINE
Etymology of ADENOSINE
The word "adenosine" originates from the combination of two elements: "adenine" and "ribose".
"Adenine" refers to a nucleobase, which is one of the building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). It was named after the glandular tissues (adenoids) from which it was originally extracted. It was isolated and discovered in 1885 by the German scientist Albrecht Kossel.
"Ribose" refers to a sugar molecule that plays a crucial role in the formation of RNA. It was derived from the Latin word "ribes" meaning "currant", as it was first discovered in the juice of the currant plant. The sugar molecule was identified by the British chemist Phoebus Levene in 1905.
By combining "adenine" and "ribose", the resulting compound was named "adenosine".
Similar spelling words for ADENOSINE
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