Abl Proto Oncogene Proteins, also known as ABL proteins, refer to a family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases that play a crucial role in various cellular processes. This group of proteins is encoded by the ABL1 and ABL2 genes and is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, apoptosis, and cytoskeletal remodeling.
The Abl Proto Oncogene Proteins are considered proto-oncogenes, which means that they have the potential to transform into oncogenes and contribute to the development of cancer. Mutations or aberrant activation of ABL genes can lead to the production of abnormal Abl proteins that contribute to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation.
These proteins are known to participate in signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and survival. They are capable of modulating the activity of key cellular proteins, including transcription factors, cell cycle regulators, and cytoskeletal proteins, through phosphorylation events.
Furthermore, Abl Proto Oncogene Proteins are involved in intracellular signaling cascades triggered by receptor tyrosine kinases, such as the platelet-derived growth factor receptor and the epidermal growth factor receptor. They phosphorylate downstream signaling molecules and mediate the transmission of signals to the nucleus, ultimately leading to cellular responses.
Overall, Abl Proto Oncogene Proteins are a group of tyrosine kinases essential for cellular processes related to growth, differentiation, and survival. Through their aberrant activation, they can contribute to the development of cancer by promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation and survival.
