Zurvanism is a religious and cosmological belief system that emerged in ancient Persia during the Sassanian Empire (226-651 CE). The term "Zurvanism" is derived from the name of the supreme deity worshipped in this faith, Zurvan.
Zurvanism portrays an intricate dualistic cosmology, where Zurvan represents Time and serves as the ultimate source of both good and evil. Within this framework, Zurvan is believed to have two distinct aspects: Zurvan Akarana, meaning "Infinite Time," and Zurvan Akarana, meaning "Boundless Time." These aspects are depicted as gender-neutral entities, transcending conventional understandings of gender.
Zurvanists hold that Zurvan gave rise to two divine beings: Ahura Mazda, the creator of good, and Ahriman, the creator of evil. While Zurvan is considered the ultimate force in the universe, Ahura Mazda and Ahriman represent opposing cosmic principles. Ahura Mazda is associated with truth, wisdom, and light, while Ahriman embodies deceit, ignorance, and darkness.
Prominent within Zurvanism is the idea of cosmic rejuvenation, whereby the universe cycles through periods of creation and destruction. This cyclical nature is deeply ingrained in the belief system, reflecting a balance between order and chaos, good and evil, light and darkness.
It is important to note that Zurvanism existed alongside other religious traditions in ancient Persia, such as Zoroastrianism, which rejected the concept of Zurvan. Despite being a minority faith, Zurvanism left a lasting impact on Persian religious thought, leaving behind a rich philosophical and cultural legacy that can still be seen in various elements of contemporary Iranian society.
