Zeaxanthin is a naturally occurring, yellow pigment found in numerous plants, particularly in fruits and vegetables. Structurally, it belongs to the carotenoid family, which is a group of pigments responsible for the vibrant colors of plants and animals. Zeaxanthin is classified as a xanthophyll, a type of carotenoid that contains oxygen molecules.
In human nutrition, zeaxanthin is considered a vital nutrient and is primarily recognized for its role in eye health. It is one of the two major carotenoids found in the macula, a region of the retina responsible for central vision, along with its isomer, lutein. Together, zeaxanthin and lutein function as antioxidants in the macula, absorbing harmful high-energy blue light and neutralizing free radicals.
The consumption of zeaxanthin-rich foods has been associated with a decreased risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness in older adults. Moreover, zeaxanthin is believed to enhance visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, improve glare recovery, and support overall visual health.
Although zeaxanthin is not synthesized by the human body, it can be obtained through a balanced diet or dietary supplements. Foods that are particularly high in zeaxanthin include leafy green vegetables like spinach and kale, yellow fruits such as oranges and mangoes, and eggs.
In summary, zeaxanthin is a yellow pigment found in plants, especially fruits and vegetables, and is essential for maintaining healthy vision, particularly in relation to the macula and the prevention of age-related macular degeneration.
