Yellow atrophy of the liver, also known as acute yellow atrophy or acute yellow liver atrophy, is a rare but severe medical condition characterized by the rapid destruction and degeneration of liver cells, leading to liver failure. This condition is often observed in pregnant women or individuals who have previously experienced liver dysfunction.
The term "yellow atrophy of the liver" derives from the distinct yellow discoloration of the liver tissues that occurs due to the accumulation of bilirubin. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced by the breakdown of red blood cells, and its high concentration in the liver is indicative of liver damage or malfunction.
Symptoms of yellow atrophy of the liver include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, dark urine, and abdominal pain. In severe cases, individuals may also experience mental confusion and liver encephalopathy.
The exact cause of yellow atrophy of the liver is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve multifactorial triggers such as hormonal changes during pregnancy, viral infections, genetic predisposition, or exposure to certain toxins. The condition can progress rapidly, leading to massive liver cell death, severe liver dysfunction, and ultimately liver failure if left untreated.
Treatment usually involves management of symptoms, supportive care, and addressing the underlying cause if identifiable. In some cases, liver transplantation may be necessary to save the patient's life. Prognosis for yellow atrophy of the liver varies depending on the severity of the condition and the promptness of medical intervention.
