Xanthelasma is a medical condition characterized by the presence of yellowish, flat or slightly raised patches or plaques that develop on the skin around the eyelids. These lesions typically appear on the inner corners of the upper and/or lower eyelids, near the nose. Xanthelasma is a benign condition and usually does not cause any harm or symptoms, but it can be aesthetically concerning for individuals affected.
The yellowish plaques of xanthelasma result from the buildup of cholesterol and fat deposits in the skin, specifically in the macrophages, which are a type of white blood cell involved in clearing debris and lipids from tissues. These deposits are often associated with increased levels of cholesterol or other lipids in the blood, such as high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL). However, xanthelasma does not always indicate an underlying lipid disorder.
The exact cause of xanthelasma remains unclear, but it is thought to be related to various factors, including genetics, age, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes, liver disease, or the use of medications like statins. The condition is more common in middle-aged and older individuals, predominantly women.
Treatment options for xanthelasma include cosmetic procedures like cryotherapy, laser therapy, or surgical excision. However, the lesions have a tendency to recur even after treatment, making long-term management necessary. Addressing any underlying lipid disorders or associated medical conditions, if present, may also be recommended.
In summary, xanthelasma is a non-cancerous skin condition that presents as yellowish patches or plaques on the eyelids, often related to cholesterol or lipid deposits. Although largely harmless, it can be a cosmetic concern and may require medical
