Wing elm is a term used to refer to a particular species of tree belonging to the elm family (Ulmus), known scientifically as Ulmus alata. This deciduous tree is native to the eastern regions of North America, particularly the southeastern United States. The common name "wing elm" is derived from the characteristic wing-like growths, or corky wings, which develop along the branches of the tree.
The wing elm typically grows to a height of 40 to 60 feet, with a spread of 30 to 40 feet. It has a rounded crown and a moderately dense, vase-shaped canopy. The tree is characterized by its bark, which is grayish-brown and fissured, further enhanced by the distinctive corky wings that form as the tree matures. The leaves of the wing elm are alternate, simple, and asymmetrical, with an oblong or obovate shape, ending in a pointed tip. They are dark green on the upper surface and paler underneath, turning yellow in the fall.
Wing elm is known for its adaptability and resilience, able to grow in a range of soil conditions, including clay, sand, and loam. It is also moderately drought-tolerant. However, it does best in moist, well-drained soils and prefers full sun to partial shade. The tree is often used in urban landscapes, as it can withstand pollution and has good resistance to Dutch elm disease.
Overall, wing elm is a distinctive tree species with its corky wings, adaptable nature, and attractive appearance, making it a valuable addition to various landscapes and an important part of the natural ecosystem in its native range.
