WILCOXON RANK TEST Meaning and
Definition
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The Wilcoxon Rank Test, also known as the Wilcoxon signed-rank test or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test, is a non-parametric statistical test used to compare paired data or matched samples, particularly when the assumptions for parametric tests like the t-test cannot be met. It was proposed by Frank Wilcoxon in 1945.
This test is designed for situations where the data is not normally distributed, or the underlying population does not follow a known distribution. It is often used for small sample sizes or data that contains outliers. The Wilcoxon Rank Test assesses the differences between two related or dependent samples by comparing their respective ranks.
The procedure involves ranking the absolute values of the differences between each pair of observations, discarding the signs, and summing the ranks of the positive or negative differences. The test statistic is the lesser of the sum of the positive and negative ranks. Statistical significance is then determined based on the calculated test statistic and compared against critical values from tables or computed p-values.
The Wilcoxon Rank Test does not require the assumption of normality and is robust against outliers. It is commonly used in various fields, including healthcare research, social sciences, and environmental studies, to analyze data with ordinal or continuous variables. This test allows researchers to draw valid conclusions about the significance of differences between related groups or within-subject measurements while minimizing assumptions about the data distribution.
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