Pronunciation: [wˈa͡ɪt lˈiːd] (IPA) 
The spelling of "white lead" comes from the Old English "hwit" and "lēad" which means "white" and "lead," respectively. In IPA phonetic transcription, it is written as /waɪt liːd/. "White" is pronounced as /waɪt/ with a long "i" sound and "lead" is pronounced as /liːd/ with a long "e" sound. "White lead" refers to the white pigment made from lead carbonate and was commonly used in paint until its health risks were discovered.
White lead is a highly toxic and versatile substance that is commonly used as a pigment in the manufacturing of paints, coatings, and ceramics. Chemically known as lead carbonate (PbCO3), it is a white or off-white crystalline powder with exceptional covering power, making it a popular choice for its ability to provide a bright and opaque finish.
Historically, white lead has played a significant role in the art world, where it has been widely utilized in oil painting as a base coat or for creating highlights. Its fine particle size and ease of mixing with oil mediums allow artists to achieve the desired consistency and texture. Additionally, white lead has been employed in cosmetics, to achieve a desired pale complexion, although its use in cosmetics has significantly declined due to health concerns.
Despite its advantageous properties, white lead poses serious health risks to both humans and the environment. Ingestion, inhalation, or absorption of lead compounds such as white lead can lead to lead poisoning, which can cause severe neurological and reproductive problems. Consequently, regulations restrict the use of white lead in many countries, and it is gradually being phased out in favor of safer alternatives such as titanium dioxide.
Overall, white lead is a toxic pigment with a long history of use in various industries, particularly in paints and coatings. While it possesses desirable qualities for achieving vibrant and opaque finishes, its detrimental health effects have led to increased regulation and a shift towards safer alternatives.
Plumbi carbonas.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
A carbonate of lead in the form of a white powder, much used in giving a body to paints.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The etymology of the word "white lead" can be traced back to Old English.
The word "white" comes from the Old English word "hwīt", which itself can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic word "hwītaz". The meaning of "white" in Old English remains relatively unchanged, referring to the color white or something light in color.
The word "lead" comes from the Old English word "lēad", which is derived from the Proto-Germanic word "laidaz". In Old English, "lead" referred to the heavy, bluish-gray metal that is commonly known as lead.
When combined, "white lead" refers specifically to a pigment made from lead that is white in color. Over time, it has become a common term in the field of painting and pigments.
