Wheel animal, also known as a rotifer, refers to a microscopic multicellular organism belonging to the phylum Rotifera. These intriguing creatures derive their name from the ciliated, wheel-like appendages at their anterior end, known as coronas or trochal discs, which they employ for locomotion and filter feeding. They can be found in a wide variety of aquatic environments, ranging from freshwater to marine ecosystems, as well as being present in damp soil and mosses.
The body of a wheel animal is composed of three distinct parts: the head, trunk, and foot. The head houses the sensory organs, including the eyespot and elongated jaws called trophi, which enable it to consume tiny particles of algae, bacteria, and other organic matter. The trunk contains the organs for digestion, respiration, and reproduction, while the foot serves as an anchor during feeding or a means of attachment to surfaces.
Wheel animals are characterized by their incredible adaptability and resilience, as they can endure harsh environmental conditions such as low oxygen levels and extreme temperatures. They reproduce both sexually and asexually, with some species capable of producing dormant eggs called cysts that safeguard them during unfavorable conditions until conditions improve.
Due to their abundance, diversity, and ecological importance, wheel animals play a vital role in aquatic food webs, serving as a crucial food source for many organisms. Moreover, they contribute to water and soil quality by consuming bacteria and detritus, thereby helping to regulate nutrient cycling in their ecosystems. Researchers and scientists continue to study these fascinating organisms to better understand their physiology, behavior, and ecological significance.
