The word "waxes" is often misspelled as "waxs" or "waxs". The correct spelling of the word is /ˈwæksɪz/ in IPA phonetic transcription, which indicates that the final syllable is pronounced with the sound "iz" as in "fizz". This is because "waxes" is a plural form of the verb "wax", which means to grow or increase. As such, it follows the regular English spelling rule of adding -es to nouns and verbs ending in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x and -z to indicate plurality or third person singular present tense.
Waxes, in its most general sense, is a plural noun referring to a variety of substances that are predominantly fatty or oily in nature, solid at room temperature, and become liquid when heated. Typically, waxes are composed of esters of fatty acids with long-chain alcohols. They are widely produced by animals, plants, and even synthetic means.
In terms of animals, waxes are secreted by certain species as protective coatings or for waterproofing purposes. For instance, beeswax is produced by bees to build honeycomb cells and seal gaps, while earwax is generated by the ear canal to protect and lubricate the ear.
Regarding plants, waxes are commonly formed by the epidermal cells of leaves, fruits, or stems. The waxy coatings on plant surfaces, known as cuticles, serve to prevent excessive water evaporation, reduce damage caused by pathogens, and inhibit herbivorous insects from feeding on them.
Additionally, waxes find widespread use in various industries. They are frequently employed in candle-making due to their ability to burn slowly and provide a consistent flame. Waxes are also extensively used as a surface coating or polish to protect and enhance the appearance of wood, leather, and other materials. In the cosmetic industry, they are utilized in lip balms, lotions, and hair products for their emollient properties. Notably, wax is also a fundamental ingredient in the practice of waxing for hair removal.
Overall, waxes encompass a diverse range of substances that exhibit solid-state properties at room temperature, have multiple functional uses in various domains, and are produced by both natural and artificial means.
The word waxes has its origins in Old English. It can be traced back to the Old English verb wacian, which means to grow, increase, or become. Over time, this verb evolved into the Middle English term waxen, and eventually into the modern English word waxes. The word wax itself has Old English and Germanic roots, likely stemming from the Proto-Indo-European root wegs, meaning to increase or grow.