Water murrain is a term used to describe a contagious and often fatal disease that affects animals, particularly cattle and sheep. It is characterized by a severe swelling of the throat and neck, accompanied by excessive salivation and difficulty in swallowing. The term "murrain" itself refers to any widespread epidemic disease that affects animals.
Water murrain is caused by a specific bacteria, typically transmitted through contaminated water sources or direct contact with infected animals. The bacteria enter the body through the respiratory or digestive system, leading to an infection that rapidly spreads within the host. The disease can also be transmitted from animal to animal through close proximity and shared water sources.
Symptoms of water murrain include high fever, severe swelling in the neck region, difficulty breathing, excessive drooling, and weight loss. Affected animals may also exhibit listlessness, loss of appetite, and a decrease in milk production for lactating females. The disease progresses rapidly, and if left untreated, can result in death within a few days.
Prevention and control of water murrain involve proper sanitation practices, such as maintaining clean water sources and providing separate feeding and watering areas for healthy and infected animals. Vaccination is also crucial for preventing the disease, providing immunity against the specific bacteria.
In summary, water murrain is a highly contagious and deadly disease that affects animals, causing severe throat and neck swelling, difficulty swallowing, and excessive salivation. Proper sanitation, vaccination, and early intervention are key measures to prevent and control the disease.
