Watchdog journalism is a term used to describe investigative journalism that keeps a close eye on public officials to ensure they are accountable and transparent in their actions. The word "watchdog" is spelled with the phonetic transcription /ˈwɒtʃˌdɒɡ/, which indicates the stress on the first syllable and the use of the letter "o" to represent the short "o" sound. The word "journalism" is spelled with the phonetic transcription /ˈdʒɜrnəlˌɪzəm/, which indicates the stress on the second syllable and the use of the letter "i" to represent the short "i" sound.
Watchdog journalism refers to a concept in journalism that involves holding institutions, individuals, organizations, and governments accountable by acting as a vigilant observer and watchdog of their actions, policies, and decisions. This form of journalism plays a crucial role in ensuring transparency, accountability, and the preservation of democratic principles within society.
Watchdog journalists act as independent and objective observers, investigating and reporting on matters of public interest, while aiming to expose wrongdoing, corruption, or abuses of power. They uphold the principles of journalism, such as accuracy, fairness, and impartiality, and often seek to bring attention to issues that may otherwise be ignored or overlooked.
In essence, watchdog journalism serves as a checks-and-balances mechanism in society, keeping various entities in check by scrutinizing and investigating their actions. By doing so, it helps foster a robust and informed public discourse, empowering citizens to hold powerful actors accountable, make informed decisions, and participate in democratic processes.
This type of journalism can take various forms, including investigative reporting, data analysis, fact-checking, and uncovering conflicts of interest. It often involves the use of public records, whistleblower information, and interviews with relevant sources to gather evidence and build a compelling narrative.
Through its critical role, watchdog journalism guards against abuses of power, promotes governmental transparency, and safeguards the public interest. It helps maintain a healthy democratic society by ensuring that those in power are held responsible and that the public's rights and freedoms are protected.
The term "watchdog journalism" has an etymology that combines two separate elements.
The word "watchdog" originates from the Old English term "wæccedogge", which is a compound of "wæcce" meaning "watch" and "dogge" meaning "dog". Dogs have historically been used as guards or watchmen in various contexts, and the metaphorical use of "watchdog" to refer to someone who keeps a careful eye on something, ensuring its safety and integrity, developed over time.
The word "journalism" comes from the French word "journal" meaning "daily". It evolved from the Latin word "diurnalis" which also means "daily". Journalism refers to the practice of collecting, verifying, analyzing, and presenting news information to the public.