The spelling of "Wahabi" is often the subject of controversy, with many different versions floating around. However, according to the principles of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), the correct spelling is [wəˈhɑbi]. This transcription indicates that the first syllable is pronounced with a short u sound, followed by a glottal stop (represented by the apostrophe). The second syllable is pronounced with a long a sound, and the third syllable with a short i sound. Accurate spelling and pronunciation of this word is important in scholarly contexts related to Islam and Middle Eastern studies.
Wahabi is a term used to refer to the followers of Wahhabism, an ultra-conservative and puritanical branch of Sunni Islam. Wahhabism originated in the eighteenth century in the Arabian Peninsula and is named after its founder, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab.
Wahhabis strictly adhere to a literal interpretation of the Quran and Sunnah (teachings and practices of the Prophet Muhammad). They promote a strict monotheistic belief and reject any innovation or deviation from the original teachings of Islam. Wahhabis seek to establish a societal and political order that mirrors the early Islamic era, purging what they perceive as corrupt practices, superstitions, and heretical beliefs.
Wahhabism's doctrines and practices have significantly influenced religious, social, and political aspects in Saudi Arabia. Wahabi-influenced teachings emphasize gender segregation, modest dressing, opposition to interreligious dialogue, and disapproval of certain art forms, such as music and statue-making.
The term "Wahabi" is often used outside of the Islamic world to describe a particular strand of Islamist thought or as a derogatory term used by critics to highlight fundamentalist or extremist viewpoints. However, it is crucial to note that not all followers of Wahhabism or adherents to conservative ideologies are radical or extremist in their beliefs or actions. Wahhabi teachings and interpretations can vary significantly among individuals and communities, with some embracing a peaceful coexistence with people of different beliefs.
The term "Wahhabi" is derived from the name "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", who was an Islamic scholar and theologian from the Arabian Peninsula. The term originated from the teachings and practices of ibn Abd al-Wahhab, who sought to revive what he considered to be the pure and authentic form of Islam. The word "Wahhabi" is used primarily to refer to the followers or adherents of his teachings and the specific religious movement he initiated. The term is often used both by supporters and critics of this movement, with different connotations depending on the context.