Vocal Fold Palsy, also known as vocal cord paralysis, refers to the partial or complete paralysis of the vocal cords, which are responsible for producing sound and controlling vocal quality. This medical condition occurs when one or both vocal folds fail to move properly due to damage or disruption in the nerves that control their movement.
The vocal cords are located in the larynx (voice box) and are composed of muscles and surrounding tissues. Under normal circumstances, the vocal folds open during breathing and come together when speaking or producing sound. However, in cases of vocal fold palsy, the affected vocal cord(s) may remain stationary or only move partially, leading to various vocal difficulties.
Symptoms of vocal fold palsy can vary depending on the severity and cause of the paralysis but commonly include hoarseness, breathiness, weak voice, difficulty speaking loudly, effortful speech, and shortness of breath when talking. Other associated symptoms may include decreased pitch range, altered vocal quality, and vocal fatigue.
The causes of vocal fold palsy can be diverse, ranging from trauma or injury to the vocal cords, viral infections, tumors, neurological conditions, or as a complication from surgery. Treatment options for vocal fold palsy depend on the underlying cause, severity, and impact on the patient's voice and quality of life. Management may involve speech therapy, vocal exercises, voice therapy, vocal cord injections, medications, or surgical interventions such as vocal cord repositioning or thyroplasty.
Overall, vocal fold palsy is a condition characterized by the partial or complete paralysis of the vocal cords, leading to voice disturbances and difficulty in speaking. Adequate diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation can contribute to improving vocal function and enhancing the affected individual's communicative abilities.
