Viral eye infections, also known as viral conjunctivitis or pink eye, refer to a group of contagious viral infections that affect the transparent membrane lining the eyelid (conjunctiva) and the white part of the eye (sclera).
Viral eye infections are commonly caused by adenoviruses, which can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person's eye secretions, respiratory droplets, or contaminated surfaces. These infections can also be triggered by other viruses, such as the herpes simplex virus or enteroviruses.
Symptoms of viral eye infections may include redness, itchiness, excessive tearing, light sensitivity, and a gritty or scratchy sensation in the affected eye. In some cases, a clear, watery or mucous-like discharge may be present that can cause crusting of the eyelids. Vision may also be affected, but this is usually temporary and resolves when the infection clears.
Viral eye infections are usually self-limiting and resolve on their own within 1-2 weeks without specific treatment. However, to alleviate symptoms and prevent spreading the infection, individuals should practice good hygiene, such as frequently washing hands, avoiding touching the eyes, and avoiding sharing personal items like towels or cosmetics. Cold compresses and over-the-counter lubricating eye drops may help relieve discomfort. In severe cases, antiviral eye drops, ointments, or oral medications may be prescribed by a healthcare professional. It is important to consult a doctor if symptoms worsen, if there is a persistent or severe pain, or if there is a decrease in vision.