Vincent infection, also known as Vincent's angina or trench mouth, is a painful gum infection that affects the oral cavity. It is primarily caused by a synergistic infection of two bacteria, namely Fusobacterium fusiforme and Borrelia vincentii. The condition is characterized by the presence of an ulcerative necrotizing gingivitis and foul breath, often accompanied by gum swelling and redness. Vincent infection is named after the French physician Henri Vincent, who first identified the bacteria involved in this condition in the early 20th century.
The infection commonly occurs in individuals with compromised immune systems, poor oral hygiene, or high stress levels. It is also more prevalent among those who smoke tobacco or consume excessive alcohol. Symptoms may include severe gum pain, persistent bad breath, gum bleeding, metallic taste in the mouth, and the formation of a grayish membrane on the gums. In some cases, the infection can lead to the erosion of gum tissue, causing ulcers and abscesses.
Diagnosis is typically made through a comprehensive oral examination, coupled with bacterial culture tests. Treatment often involves a combination of professional dental cleaning, removal of the necrotic tissue, and the use of antimicrobial mouth rinses. When necessary, antibiotics may be prescribed to control the infection. Additionally, patients are advised to maintain meticulous oral hygiene practices and adopt healthy lifestyle habits to prevent recurrence.
If left untreated, Vincent infection can lead to more serious complications, such as cellulitis, periodontal disease, or the spread of infection to other parts of the body. Therefore, seeking timely dental care is crucial to manage and resolve the condition effectively.
