Pronunciation: [vˈɪli] (IPA) 
The word "vili" is phonetically spelled as /ˈvɪli/ with two syllables. The first syllable /ˈvɪ/ is pronounced with a short "i" sound, while the second syllable /li/ is pronounced as "lee." This uncommon term refers to small projections that line the small intestine, known as "intestinal villi." The correct spelling is V-I-L-L-I, with two L's. It's important to spell words correctly to avoid confusion and ensure accurate communication.
VILI stands for Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury, which is a condition that refers to the damage caused to the lungs as a result of mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilation involves the use of a ventilator machine to assist or replace the natural breathing process in individuals who are unable to breathe adequately on their own. While this technique is crucial in saving lives, it can also lead to potential harm.
VILI occurs due to various factors, including the pressure and volume of the air delivered by the ventilator. High pressures can cause barotrauma, which includes lung overdistension, alveolar damage, and the release of proinflammatory mediators. Meanwhile, excessive volume can lead to volutrauma, where the distended alveoli may collapse, resulting in further lung injury.
The consequences of VILI can range from mild inflammation to severe and life-threatening conditions like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which requires intensive care and presents a significant mortality risk.
To mitigate VILI, healthcare professionals pay close attention to the settings on the ventilator, striking a balance between providing sufficient support for the patient's breathing and avoiding excessive pressure and volume. This involves carefully adjusting parameters such as tidal volume, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and inspiratory time. Additionally, strategies like lung-protective ventilation techniques, such as using lower tidal volumes and limiting plateau pressures, are employed to reduce the risk of VILI.
VILI is a critical concern in critical care medicine, and ongoing research aims to further understand its mechanisms and develop improved ventilation strategies to minimize its occurrence and negative impact on patients' lung function.
