Vesicular Exanthema of Swine (VES) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects pigs. It is caused by the Vesicular Exanthema of Swine virus, which belongs to the Caliciviridae family. VES primarily affects swine populations, causing vesicles or blisters to appear on the skin of infected pigs.
The disease is transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, as well as through contaminated feed, water, or equipment. The virus can also be spread by carriers, which are animals that do not show symptoms but can still transmit the disease to others.
Symptoms of VES include fever, inappetence, lameness, and the development of vesicles on the skin, particularly on the snout, mouth, and lower limbs. The vesicles eventually rupture, forming erosions or ulcers.
VES poses significant economic threats to the swine industry, as it can cause decreased productivity, loss of income, and trade restrictions. Additionally, the disease can lead to secondary infections, exacerbating the impact on affected herds.
Prevention and control measures include routine vaccination, proper biosecurity practices, and prompt isolation and treatment of infected animals. Quarantine measures should be implemented to prevent the spread of the virus to unaffected herds.
Efforts to eradicate VES have been successful in some countries through comprehensive surveillance, strict biosecurity measures, and timely response to outbreaks. Monitoring and collaboration between veterinary authorities, farmers, and stakeholders are crucial in the prevention and control of Vesicular Exanthema of Swine.
