Vertebra dentata, also known as dentate vertebra, is a type of vertebra found in reptiles and some extinct mammals. The word "vertebra" is spelled as /vɜrtɪbrə/, indicating a stressed syllable on the second vowel sound. "Dentata" is spelled as /dɛnˈteɪtə/, indicating the stress on the first syllable and the "t" sound followed by a schwa sound. The word describes the characteristic feature of the vertebra, which has serrated edges resembling teeth.
Vertebra dentata, also known as a dentate vertebra, refers to a specific type of vertebra found in some reptiles, specifically crocodiles and certain prehistoric reptiles. The term "dentata" originates from the Latin word "dens," meaning tooth. This unique vertebra is characterized by its distinctive morphology, which features a series of pointed, tooth-like projections or processes, known as odontoid processes, along its ventral or lower surface.
The purpose of these odontoid processes is to provide additional support and stability to the spinal column. The teeth-like structures interlock with corresponding recesses on the adjacent vertebrae, creating a more secure connection between each vertebra and minimizing the risk of dislocation or injury. This design feature is particularly advantageous for animals with long bodies, enabling them to withstand the stress and strain associated with movement and maintaining a stable spinal architecture.
The vertebral dentata can also serve as an anatomical characteristic useful in the identification or classification of fossilized remains of ancient reptiles. Paleontologists and biologists often use the presence of these unique vertebrae to study and analyze the evolutionary relationships or specific adaptations of extinct species. By observing the dentition of fossilized structures, scientists gain valuable insights into the evolutionary history and physical characteristics of these ancient creatures.
The second cervical vertebra, axis, epistropheus.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The term vertebra dentata has Latin origins, with vertebra meaning joint or bone and dentata meaning toothed or having teeth.