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Vapour refers to a gaseous state of a substance, typically created when a liquid or solid undergoes evaporation or sublimation. It is commonly observed as a mist, fog, or cloud, characterized by the suspended presence of minute liquid or solid particles in the air. Vapour is composed of the same molecules as the substance in its liquid or solid form but has transitioned into the gaseous state due to increased temperature or decreased pressure.
The term is often used interchangeably with "gas" but with some subtle distinctions. Vapour generally implies a substance that is below its critical temperature, where its gas and liquid states can coexist. In contrast, gases typically refer to substances above their critical temperature, where a distinction between the liquid and gas phases is no longer possible. Vapourization involves the conversion of a liquid or solid substance into vapour, primarily driven by an increase in thermal energy from sources such as heat or sunlight.
Vapour is an essential natural phenomenon, occurring in various environmental conditions. It can arise from bodies of water, where evaporation leads to the formation of water vapour that rises into the atmosphere. Vapour can also comprise various substances, such as carbon dioxide, alcohol, or volatile chemicals, that transform from their liquid or solid states into gaseous form. In industrial and technological applications, vapour plays a crucial role in processes such as distillation, chemical reactions, and power generation.
Overall, vapour refers to the gaseous form of a substance created through evaporation or sublimation, characterized by the presence of fine particles suspended in the air. Its understanding is fundamental to diverse scientific, environmental, and technological contexts.
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The gas into which most liquids and many solids may be converted by heat, generally invisible; a visible fluid floating in the atmosphere.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "vapour" has its origins in the Latin word "vapor", which means "steam" or "hot steam". This Latin term comes from the verb "vapōrare", meaning "to emit vapor" or "to evaporate". The English word "vapour" has been in use since the late 14th century, and it has retained its original meaning of a visible suspension of particles in the air, such as steam or fog. Over time, the term has also been extended to refer to other gaseous substances or substances in a gas-like state, like certain chemical compounds.
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