The USAAF, acronym for United States Army Air Forces, was the aviation component of the United States Army during World War II (1941-1947). Established in 1941, the USAAF was responsible for the strategic bombing of enemy targets, air defense, and air transport. At its height, the USAAF became the largest and most powerful air force in the world, with over two million personnel and thousands of aircraft.
The primary mission of the USAAF was to provide tactical and strategic air support to ground forces, carrying out attacks on enemy positions and infrastructure. The USAAF played a crucial role in both the European and Pacific theaters of the war, conducting bombing campaigns and supporting ground operations. Notable operations include the strategic bombing of Germany and Japan, the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo, and the aerial campaign during the invasion of Normandy.
The USAAF was also responsible for the development and deployment of new aircraft technologies like long-range bombers, fighter planes, and transport aircraft. Notable aircraft of the USAAF include the B-17 Flying Fortress, B-29 Superfortress, P-51 Mustang, and C-47 Skytrain. These planes played a decisive role in achieving air superiority and conducting successful operations.
In 1947, the USAAF was reorganized and became the United States Air Force (USAF), separating from the United States Army to become an independent military branch.
