The upper respiratory tract refers to the anatomical region located in the upper part of the respiratory system that consists of various structures involved in the process of respiration. It comprises the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. The upper respiratory tract is responsible for the initial steps of respiration, which involve inhaling air and delivering it to the lower respiratory tract.
The nose is the primary entry point for air inhalation and serves as a passageway through which air passes into the body. The nasal cavity, situated within the nose, acts as a filter, humidifier, and warmer for the inhaled air. It also contains specialized cells that detect odors.
Above the nose, there are air-filled cavities known as sinuses, which help to lighten the skull and produce mucus, facilitating a normal flow of air. The pharynx, also called the throat, connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx, serving as a common passage for air and food.
Located below the pharynx, the larynx houses the vocal cords and connects the upper respiratory tract to the lower respiratory tract. It plays a crucial role in phonation and prevents the passage of food or liquids into the lower respiratory structures.
In summary, the upper respiratory tract is the portion of the respiratory system responsible for the initial steps of breathing, including air filtration, humidification, warming, and vocalization. It comprises the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx.
