Unified Silla refers to a historical period in Korean history, spanning from 668 to 935 AD, during which the Silla Kingdom achieved political unification over the Korean Peninsula. The name "Unified Silla" is derived from the fact that the three separate kingdoms of Silla, Baekje, and Goguryeo were united under a single ruling power.
During the Unified Silla period, the Silla Kingdom successfully defeated its rivals and established its dominance over the entire region. This unification was made possible through a combination of military conquest, political alliances, and strategic diplomacy. The kingdom's capital was located in Gyeongju, which served as the political, economic, and cultural center of the unified state.
Unified Silla was characterized by strong centralized governance, with a royal family holding supreme power. The period is often hailed as a golden age in Korean history due to the flourishing of arts, culture, and Buddhism. Temples, pagodas, and other architectural marvels adorned the capital, and Buddhist teachings and practices thrived.
This era also witnessed advancements in literature, poetry, and calligraphy, with notable figures emerging in the arts. The aristocracy and Buddhist monastic community played significant roles in shaping the culture and society of Unified Silla.
The decline of Unified Silla began in the late 9th century, marked by internal power struggles, regional rebellions, and external threats from neighboring states. The once-powerful kingdom eventually fragmented, leading to the emergence of new dynasties, ultimately leading to the formation of the Goryeo Dynasty in 918 AD.
