UNDERGROUND COMIX Meaning and
Definition
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Underground comix, often referred to as underground comics, is a term used to describe a distinct style of comic books and graphic novels that emerged in the 1960s counterculture movement in the United States. Unlike mainstream comic books, which followed a more conventional and commercial approach, underground comix were characterized by their alternative and rebellious nature.
The term "underground" reflects the subversive and anti-establishment themes explored in these comix. They challenged societal norms, tackled taboo subjects such as sex, drugs, and politics, and often contained explicit and provocative content. This departure from traditional comic book storytelling allowed creators greater freedom, enabling them to address controversial topics and express their personal viewpoints.
Underground comix were primarily self-published or released through small independent publishers, contributing to their "underground" status, as they were less accessible through mainstream distribution channels. They were typically printed in small quantities, bound by hand, and sold at local underground bookstores, head shops, music venues, and alternative art spaces.
Prominent underground comix artists during this era include Robert Crumb, Gilbert Shelton, Spain Rodriguez, and Trina Robbins. These creators played a pivotal role in the rise of the underground comix movement, fostering a vibrant and diverse community that embraced the medium as a form of artistic and cultural expression.
Despite their subcultural origins, the influence of underground comix continues to be felt in contemporary comic book and graphic novel literature. They are regarded as a catalyst for expanding the boundaries of the medium, paving the way for more diverse and experimental storytelling.
Etymology of UNDERGROUND COMIX
The word "underground comix" is derived from two sources: "underground" and "comix".
"Underground" refers to a countercultural movement that emerged in the 1960s, challenging mainstream society's norms and values. It encompassed various forms of art, literature, music, and activism that aimed to push boundaries and present alternative perspectives. This underground movement often operated outside of established institutions and distribution channels.
"Comix" is a term coined to differentiate the alternative, adult-oriented comics produced by underground artists from the more traditional, mainstream comic books. The deliberate use of the "x" instead of the standard "cs" was a way to distinguish these works as alternative and rebellious, aligning with the countercultural spirit of the era.
