Typefounding is the process of creating metal type for printing. The correct spelling of this word is /ˈtaɪpfaʊndɪŋ/, with the stress on the first syllable. The "type" part of the word is pronounced with the "ai" diphthong, like the word "tie". The second syllable "found" is pronounced like the word "founder", and the final syllable "-ing" is pronounced with the "ai" diphthong again. When written in IPA, the word is spelled as /ˈtaɪpfaʊndɪŋ/.
Typefounding is an age-old craft and artistic process that refers to the skill and activity of creating metal typefaces for printing purposes. It involves the meticulous process of designing, casting, and producing a range of individual metal type characters, such as letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and other symbols, that will be used in printing presses for reproducing text.
To commence the typefounding process, a skilled typefounder first conceives and realizes the design of a new typeface. This necessitates meticulous attention to detail, as they carefully craft each character to ensure consistency, legibility, and aesthetic appeal. Once the design has been finalized, the typefounder begins the casting process, which involves pouring molten metal, usually an alloy of lead, into molds to create individual type characters.
In the early history of typefounding, this process was predominantly done by hand, with each character individually crafted and cast. However, with the advent of modern technology, mechanical and automated methods have been developed to expedite the production of typefaces.
Typefounders play a significant role in the evolution and innovation of typography. They contribute to the diverse range of typefaces available, encompassing different styles, weights, and sizes. Typefounding is not only a technical skill but also an artistic endeavor, as it requires a deep understanding of typography, aesthetics, and design principles.
Although typefounding has become less prevalent with the rise of digital typography and computerized font production, it remains an esteemed and respected craft, appreciated for its historical significance and contribution to the world of printing and graphic design.
The word "typefounding" can be broken down into two parts: "type" and "founding".
The term "type" originally referred to a character or a piece of metal with a raised letter or symbol on it used for printing. It comes from the Latin word "typus" which means "figure" or "impression". The Latin word itself derived from the Greek word "typos" meaning "a blow, an impression, or a mark". Over time, "type" specifically came to refer to the individual characters used in printing.
The word "founding" comes from the verb "found", which essentially means to establish or create something. The term "found" is derived from the Old French word "fonder" and the Latin word "fundare", both meaning "to lay the groundwork or foundation".