The correct spelling for a term used in football, "twelfth man," is a tricky one. The word "twelfth" includes the silent "f" which is often forgotten when writing. The correct pronunciation uses the voiced "th" sound in the middle of the word, which is represented with the IPA symbol /θ/. The word "man" is spelled with a final "n" and uses the short "a" sound represented with the IPA symbol /æ/. When combined, the word is pronounced /twɛlfθ mæn/.
The term "twelfth man" primarily refers to a phrase used in the context of team sports, particularly in football (soccer) and American football. It essentially signifies the support and impact of the crowd or spectators on the field, who are considered the metaphorical twelfth member of a team comprising eleven players.
While a team typically consists of eleven individuals actively competing on the pitch, the twelfth man represents the influence of the enthusiastic, vocal, and dedicated supporters. As an integral component of the game, the twelfth man embodies the collective energy, passion, and encouragement offered by the crowd, often producing an electrifying atmosphere and a distinct home-field advantage.
The twelfth man can lead to numerous advantages for the team. Their unwavering support, loud cheers, chants, and roars serve to motivate players, boost morale, and create an intimidating atmosphere for the opposing team. Additionally, the twelfth man's engagement may disrupt the opponents' concentration, communication, and tactical planning, resulting in increased errors or mental lapses on their part.
The notion of the twelfth man emphasizes the significance of the fans' role beyond being mere spectators, symbolizing their contribution towards a team's successes. Therefore, teams and players often express gratitude and appreciation towards their fans, recognizing their immense impact in crucial matches and acknowledging them as an essential and influential force in achieving victory.
The term "twelfth man" originated in the sport of American football and specifically refers to a fan or supporter of the team who passionately cheers them on from the stands. The etymology of this term can be traced back to the early 20th century in a story involving the Texas A&M University football team.
In college football, a team is composed of eleven players on the field at any given time. In 1922, during a game between Texas A&M and the Centre College Praying Colonels, Texas A&M had suffered numerous injuries, leaving them with only eleven players. E. King Gill, a former football player and student at Texas A&M, volunteered to suit up and stand on the sidelines, ready to enter the game if needed. Although he never actually played, his dedication and willingness to support his team in a crucial situation earned him the title of the "twelfth man".