Turkey Enteritis Virus, also known as Turkey Astrovirus (T-AstV), is a highly contagious viral pathogen that primarily affects domesticated turkey populations. It belongs to the Astroviridae family, which comprises small, non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses. Turkey Enteritis Virus is specifically classified within the Avastrovirus genus, which includes various astroviruses that target avian species.
This pathogen primarily targets the gastrointestinal system of turkeys, causing enteritis, an inflammation of the small intestines. It infects the villi - finger-like projections on the intestinal lining - leading to malabsorption of nutrients and subsequent diarrhea. Affected turkeys may also experience reduced growth, weight loss, and decreased feed conversion efficiency.
Turkey Enteritis Virus is mainly transmitted via the fecal-oral route, with infected birds shedding the virus in their feces. The virus can be indirectly transmitted through contaminated water, feed, or equipment, as well as via direct bird-to-bird contact. Young turkeys are particularly susceptible to infection, with outbreaks often occurring in brooder houses or nurseries.
Diagnosis of Turkey Enteritis Virus involves laboratory analysis, including electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or serological techniques. Preventive measures primarily focus on strict biosecurity practices, such as quarantining new birds, disinfecting premises, and implementing proper waste management. Vaccines have also been developed and are sometimes used to control the disease.
In summary, Turkey Enteritis Virus is a viral pathogen that primarily affects turkeys, causing enteritis, weight loss, and decreased growth. It spreads through the fecal-oral route and can have significant economic impacts on the turkey industry. Implementation of biosecurity measures and vaccination strategies are crucial
