TUGHRA Meaning and
Definition
-
A tughra is a calligraphic monogram or seal used as a signature by Ottoman sultans and caliphs of the late medieval and early modern periods. It consists of the ruler's name, title, and other honorific phrases arranged in a stylized manner. The term "tughra" derives from the Arabic word "tughra," meaning "seal" or "seal impression." The tughra not only served as a personalized signature but also represented the imperial authority and symbolized the power and legitimacy of the ruler.
Typically, a tughra is executed in a highly elaborate and intricate manner, showcasing the artistic skills of the calligrapher. The calligraphic elements are often augmented with decorative motifs, such as floral designs or arabesques, to enhance the visual appeal. Golden or metallic inks were commonly used to add a luxurious touch to the design.
Tughras were primarily used on official documents and royal correspondence, serving as a distinguishing mark of the sultans. The design of the tughra evolved over time, adapting to the individual preferences and styles of different rulers. As a result, tughras from different reigns display slight variations in their composition and layout.
Today, tughra calligraphy is regarded as an important aspect of Islamic art and can be found in various forms, including paintings, prints, and reproductions, reflecting the historical significance and enduring impact of this unique Ottoman tradition.
Etymology of TUGHRA
The word "tughra" is of Turkish origin. It comes from the Ottoman Turkish language, where "tuğra" means "signature". The term originated during the time of the Ottoman Empire and referred to the elaborate calligraphic signature or monogram used by the sultans as a symbol of their authority. The word "tughra" is also sometimes spelled as "tugra" or "tughra".
