TRANSHYDROGENASE Meaning and
Definition
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Transhydrogenase is a type of enzyme that plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism, specifically in the process of transferring hydrogen (H) ions from one molecule to another. It is an integral component of the electron transport chain, which is responsible for generating energy in cells through oxidative phosphorylation.
The primary function of transhydrogenase is to catalyze the transfer of hydrogen ions from the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). This reaction is essential in various physiological processes, such as the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the maintenance of cellular redox balance.
Transhydrogenase enzymes are found in various organisms, including bacteria, plants, and mammals. In humans, transhydrogenase is present in multiple isoforms, including the mitochondrial transhydrogenase (mTH) and the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT). These isoforms have distinct roles and locations within the cell. For instance, mTH is localized in the mitochondria and is involved in the transfer of hydrogen ions during energy production, while NNT is primarily present in the endoplasmic reticulum and participates in maintaining redox equilibrium.
The activity of transhydrogenase is regulated by multiple factors, including pH, temperature, and the concentrations of substrates and products. Deficiencies or dysfunctions in transhydrogenase enzymes have been associated with certain metabolic disorders, such as mitochondrial diseases and oxidative stress-related conditions. An understanding of transhydrogenase's mechanisms and functions is vital for elucidating cellular energy metabolism and its implications in health and disease.
Common Misspellings for TRANSHYDROGENASE
- rranshydrogenase
- franshydrogenase
- granshydrogenase
- yranshydrogenase
- 6ranshydrogenase
- 5ranshydrogenase
- teanshydrogenase
- tdanshydrogenase
- tfanshydrogenase
- ttanshydrogenase
- t5anshydrogenase
- t4anshydrogenase
- trznshydrogenase
- trsnshydrogenase
- trwnshydrogenase
- trqnshydrogenase
- trabshydrogenase
- tramshydrogenase
- trajshydrogenase
- trahshydrogenase
Etymology of TRANSHYDROGENASE
The word "transhydrogenase" is derived from the combination of two main components: "trans" and "hydrogenase".
The prefix "trans" is derived from the Latin word "trans", meaning "across" or "on the opposite side". In scientific terminology, it is commonly used to indicate movement or transfer across an object or substance.
The term "hydrogenase" is derived from the word "hydrogen", which refers to the chemical element with the atomic number 1. A "hydrogenase" is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of hydrogen to or from different molecules.
Therefore, when combined, the word "transhydrogenase" conveys an enzyme that facilitates the transfer of hydrogen across molecules or substances.
