Transdermal administrations are a type of medication delivery system that is applied on the skin to enter the bloodstream. The spelling of transdermal is /trænzˈdɜːrməl/ with the stress on the second syllable. The word is derived from the Latin word "trans" meaning "across" and "derma" meaning "skin". The pronunciation includes a voiced "z" sound between the "n" and "d" sounds, followed by an unstressed "ə" vowel sound. The correct spelling of transdermal administration is crucial to ensure the safe and effective delivery of medication.
Transdermal administration refers to a method of delivering medications or substances into the body through the skin. It involves the use of specialized patches or creams that contain the active ingredient. When applied to the skin, these patches or creams slowly release the medication, allowing it to be absorbed by the bloodstream over a period of time.
This route of administration is advantageous because it bypasses the gastrointestinal tract and digestive system. As a result, it can avoid problems such as degradation of the drug by stomach acid or the first-pass effect, where the medication is partially metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation. Transdermal administration also offers a consistent and controlled release of the drug, which can help maintain therapeutic levels in the body for an extended duration.
The skin serves as a barrier and protects the body from external elements. However, it also has the ability to absorb certain substances, making it an effective route for drug delivery. Transdermal patches are designed to enhance this absorption process by using components that promote drug permeation through the skin layers.
Typically, transdermal administrations are used for medications that require prolonged systemic action, such as hormone replacement therapy, pain relief, nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation, and certain cardiovascular medications. It is important to follow proper application techniques and adhere to the instructions provided to ensure optimal absorption and therapeutic efficacy.
The word "transdermal" is derived from the Latin roots "trans", meaning "across", and "dermis", meaning "skin". "Administration" comes from the Latin word "administrare", which means "to manage or direct". When combined, "transdermal administration" refers to the method of delivering medication or substances through the skin for systemic distribution in the body.