TPN DIAPHORASE Meaning and
Definition
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TPN diaphorase, also known as NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NQO1), is an enzyme that plays an essential role in the cellular redox homeostasis. It is a cytosolic flavoenzyme that catalyzes the two-electron reduction of various substrates, including quinones and their derivatives, utilizing the cofactor NAD(P)H.
The primary function of TPN diaphorase is the protection of cells against oxidative stress by maintaining the balance of cellular redox state. It serves as part of the defense mechanisms against reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause damage to cellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. By catalyzing the reduction of quinones, TPN diaphorase prevents the formation of highly reactive semiquinone radicals and subsequent generation of ROS.
Moreover, TPN diaphorase also participates in the detoxification of various exogenous and endogenous quinones, including anticancer drugs, thereby contributing to drug metabolism and clearance from the body. Mutations or polymorphisms in the NQO1 gene can impact the enzyme's activity and may be associated with altered susceptibility to certain diseases, including cancer, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative disorders.
In summary, TPN diaphorase is a crucial enzyme involved in cellular redox balance and protection against oxidative stress. Its role in quinone reduction and detoxification pathways highlights its significance in cellular metabolism and defense mechanisms.
Common Misspellings for TPN DIAPHORASE
- rpn diaphorase
- fpn diaphorase
- gpn diaphorase
- ypn diaphorase
- 6pn diaphorase
- 5pn diaphorase
- ton diaphorase
- tln diaphorase
- t-n diaphorase
- t0n diaphorase
- tpb diaphorase
- tpm diaphorase
- tpj diaphorase
- tph diaphorase
- tpn siaphorase
- tpn xiaphorase
- tpn ciaphorase
- tpn fiaphorase
- tpn riaphorase
- tpn eiaphorase
Etymology of TPN DIAPHORASE
The term "TPN Diaphorase" is a combination of several elements:
1. TPN: TPN stands for "Triphosphopyridine nucleotide", which is a coenzyme involved in various cellular reactions, including oxidation and reduction processes. It serves as an electron carrier by transferring electrons from one molecule to another.
2. Diaphorase: Diaphorase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons or hydride ions between two substrates. It is derived from the Greek word "diaphoros", meaning "carrying through". The suffix "-ase" is commonly used in biology to indicate an enzyme.
Therefore, "TPN Diaphorase" refers to an enzyme that utilizes TPN as a coenzyme for transferring electrons or hydride ions between substrates.
