Toltec is a term commonly used in several contexts, referring to different aspects of ancient Mesoamerican culture.
In archaeology and history, Toltec refers to a pre-Columbian civilization that thrived in Central Mexico between the 10th and 12th centuries. The Toltecs established themselves as a dominant force in the region, known for their advanced architecture, engineering, and military strategies. They left a significant impact on subsequent civilizations like the Aztecs and Maya through their art, religion, and trade networks. Some key Toltec cities include Tula, Chichen Itza, and Tollan.
In mythology and spirituality, Toltec is associated with a broader philosophical and spiritual tradition known as Toltec Wisdom. This philosophy originated from indigenous Mexican cultures and was later popularized by authors like Don Miguel Ruiz. Toltec Wisdom emphasizes personal transformation and the pursuit of knowledge, with concepts like impeccability, integrity, and unconditional love central to its teachings. The goal of following Toltec Wisdom is to achieve self-mastery and inner peace by transforming one's perceptions and beliefs about reality.
In anthropological and sociological contexts, Toltec has been used to describe a linguistic group and ethnic identity encompassing various ancient and contemporary indigenous peoples in Mexico. These groups, known as the Tolteca-Chichimeca, have preserved cultural elements and languages associated with the historical Toltec civilization.
Overall, "Toltec" encompasses the ancient civilization, the philosophical and spiritual traditions, and the ethnic identities tied to the historical and cultural heritage of Central Mexico.
