TMJ stands for temporomandibular joint, which refers to the joint located just in front of the ears on either side of the face that connects the lower jawbone (mandible) to the skull. It is a hinge-like joint responsible for the movements necessary for talking, chewing, and yawning.
In medical terms, TMJ can also refer to temporomandibular joint disorder, a condition characterized by pain, dysfunction, and discomfort in the jaw joint and the muscles that control jaw movement. TMJ disorder may involve problems with the jaw joint, surrounding facial muscles, or both.
Common symptoms of TMJ disorder include jaw pain, facial pain, difficulty or discomfort while chewing or speaking, clicking or popping sounds while opening or closing the mouth, headaches, earaches, and locked or limited jaw movement. It can be caused by various factors such as jaw misalignment, teeth grinding, stress, arthritis, or trauma to the jaw joint or surrounding tissues.
Treatment for TMJ disorder may involve self-care techniques such as avoiding hard and chewy foods, applying heat or cold packs, practicing relaxation techniques, and over-the-counter pain medications. In more severe cases, a dentist or doctor may recommend physical therapy, dental treatments, bite adjustment, or the use of a splint or nightguard. In rare instances, surgical intervention may be necessary.
