TKA stands for Total Knee Arthroplasty, which is a surgical procedure that involves replacing the damaged or worn-out knee joint with an artificial implant. It is commonly performed to relieve pain and improve a patient's mobility and quality of life when conservative treatments fail to provide sufficient relief.
During a TKA, the orthopedic surgeon removes the damaged bone and cartilage from the knee joint. The ends of the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone) are then reshaped to fit the artificial components, which are made of metal alloys, high-grade plastics, or ceramics. These components mimic the function of a natural knee joint, allowing for smooth movement and weight-bearing.
The procedure may also involve resurfacing the kneecap with a plastic component to optimize the joint's functionality. The surgeon may use cement to secure the artificial components to the bone, or they may be press-fit without the use of cement, depending on the patient's specific needs and the surgeon's preference.
Post-surgery, patients typically undergo a rehabilitation program that includes physical therapy to gradually regain strength, flexibility, and motion in the knee. Pain management is also a crucial aspect of the recovery process.
TKA is a common treatment for individuals suffering from various knee conditions, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, or other degenerative joint diseases. It is a highly effective procedure that can significantly reduce pain and improve knee function, allowing patients to resume their daily activities with greater comfort and mobility.
