Tin plague refers to a corrosive phenomenon that affects metallic tin objects, particularly those that have been coated or plated with tin. This condition typically arises due to the interaction between tin and certain environmental factors, such as moisture or sulfur-containing compounds.
The term "plague" in tin plague denotes the destructive nature of the phenomenon, as it progressively deteriorates the tin material, disfiguring and causing it to crumble over time. When tin-plated objects are exposed to excessive moisture or high levels of humidity, the water molecules react with the tin to form hydroxides. These hydroxides then react with atmospheric carbon dioxide to produce undesirable compounds, like tin carbonate or tin hydroxy-carbonate. These compounds have a white, powdery or crumbly appearance, commonly referred to as "tin disease" or tin oxide pustulation.
The tin plague is particularly common in historical artifacts, antique pieces, or objects with tin coatings, such as tin cans, tin-plated appliances, or musical instruments. It is important to note that tin plague does not affect solid tin objects, as it primarily occurs due to the presence of other metals or alloys beneath the tin coating.
Preventive measures for tin plague include ensuring proper storage conditions for tin objects, such as maintaining low humidity levels, protecting them from exposure to moisture, and regularly cleaning and drying the surfaces. Additionally, the application of protective coatings or sealants can act as a barrier against environmental factors and extend the lifespan of tin-plated objects.
