THYROSINE KINASE Meaning and
Definition
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Tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that phosphorylates tyrosine residues on proteins, thereby regulating various cellular processes such as growth, division, differentiation, and signal transduction. It belongs to a class of enzymes called protein kinases, which catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to specific amino acids on protein substrates.
Tyrosine kinases play a fundamental role in cell signaling pathways, facilitating the transmission of signals from the extracellular environment into the cell nucleus. These enzymes are often activated by ligand-receptor interactions and subsequently initiate a cascade of phosphorylation events that relay information through protein networks.
Abnormal function or mutations in tyrosine kinase genes can lead to dysregulation of cellular processes and have been implicated in the development of various diseases, particularly cancer. Dysregulated tyrosine kinases can contribute to uncontrolled cell growth, survival, and metastasis by bypassing normal regulatory mechanisms. As a result, tyrosine kinases have become attractive targets for therapeutic intervention.
There are two main types of tyrosine kinases: receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and non-receptor tyrosine kinases. Receptor tyrosine kinases are transmembrane proteins that consist of an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular cytoplasmic domain that possesses tyrosine kinase activity. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases, on the other hand, lack transmembrane domains and are primarily localized within the cytoplasm.
In summary, tyrosine kinases are essential enzymes that regulate cellular processes by phosphorylating tyrosine residues on target proteins. Their dysfunction can have profound implications on cell behavior, making them a key focus of research and treatment
Common Misspellings for THYROSINE KINASE
- rhyrosine kinase
- fhyrosine kinase
- ghyrosine kinase
- yhyrosine kinase
- 6hyrosine kinase
- 5hyrosine kinase
- tgyrosine kinase
- tbyrosine kinase
- tnyrosine kinase
- tjyrosine kinase
- tuyrosine kinase
- tyyrosine kinase
- thtrosine kinase
- thgrosine kinase
- thhrosine kinase
- thurosine kinase
- th7rosine kinase
- th6rosine kinase
- thyeosine kinase
- thydosine kinase
Etymology of THYROSINE KINASE
The term "thyrosine kinase" is derived from two main components: "thyrosine" and "kinase".
1. Thyrosine: Thyrosine is not a formally recognized word in English, as it seems to be a misspelling or transcription error. The correct term is "tyrosine". Tyrosine is an amino acid, which serves as a building block for proteins. It can be incorporated into proteins during the process of protein synthesis.
2. Kinase: The term "kinase" refers to a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to another molecule. This process is known as phosphorylation and is vital in cellular signaling pathways and protein regulation.
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