The phrase "throw a monkey wrench into the works" is a popular idiom that means to ruin or disrupt a plan or situation. The word "wrench" is spelled /rɛn(t)ʃ/, with the "w" being silent, and the vowel sound represented by "e" is pronounced as /ɛ/. The term "monkey wrench" comes from a type of wrench with adjustable jaws that resemble a monkey's jaw, and is spelled /ˈmʌŋki ˈrɛn(t)ʃ/. This phrase has been in use since the late 1800s and is commonly heard in American English.
The phrase "throw a monkey wrench into the works" is an idiomatic expression that refers to an action or event that disrupts or hinders the smooth progress, functioning, or completion of a plan, system, or task. It conveys the idea of introducing an unexpected problem or obstacle, which causes a significant setback or confusion.
The term "throw" signifies the suddenness or unexpected nature of the action, as if a wrench with a monkey-shaped handle is unceremoniously tossed into a smoothly running machine. "Monkey wrench" refers to a type of adjustable wrench with serrated jaws, used primarily for gripping pipes and fittings. The metaphorical use of this tool suggests that something as small and seemingly innocuous as a wrench can have a tremendous impact when unexpectedly introduced into a well-operating system.
By "into the works," the expression emphasizes that the disruption occurs within the inner mechanisms or integral workings of a system or plan. It implies that the obstacle is internal, rather than originating from external factors or individuals.
Overall, "throw a monkey wrench into the works" serves as a colorful way to describe the act of deliberately or inadvertently causing problems, delays, or complications within a process, often resulting in frustration, inefficiency, or even failure.