Pronunciation: [θˈʌɹəbˌas] (IPA) 
The spelling of the word "thoroughbass" can be confusing, as it contains a silent "ugh" and has two ways of pronunciation. In IPA phonetic transcription, it can be spelled as /ˈθʌrəˌbeɪs/ or /ˈθʌrəbæs/. The first pronunciation emphasizes the "ough" sound as in "enough," while the second is pronounced without it. "Thoroughbass" refers to a type of bass accompaniment in music, and is an important term in Baroque music theory.
Thoroughbass, also known as basso continuo or figured bass, refers to a method of musical accompaniment used in Western classical music during the Baroque period (roughly the 17th and 18th centuries). Thoroughbass provides a harmonic and rhythmic framework for the music by emphasizing a bass line and indicating the required harmonies through the use of figured bass symbols.
The basso continuo part is typically performed by keyboard instruments such as the harpsichord or organ, and often supplemented by a low melodic instrument such as a cello or bassoon. The player improvises or interprets the written figures and symbols to determine the appropriate harmonies and voicings for the given chords. This creates a rich and flexible accompaniment that allows for expressive freedom and interpretation.
Thoroughbass serves as both a harmonic foundation and a guide for the performers to add harmonic extensions and ornamentation, enhancing the overall musical texture and creating a sense of unity. It is an integral component in the realization of polyphonic music, supporting the melodic lines and providing a stable harmonic structure.
The term "thoroughbass" comes from the concept of a "thorough" or complete foundation of the musical structure. It signifies the detailed understanding and execution required from the performers in order to realize the complex and intricate harmonies of the Baroque era. Thoroughbass was a fundamental aspect of Baroque music and a skill that was highly valued by composers and performers of the time.
The word "thoroughbass" is derived from the combination of two words: "thorough" and "bass".
The term "thorough" comes from the Middle English word "thuruh", which means "through". It has roots in Old English and Proto-Germanic languages. Over time, "thuruh" evolved to "thorough" in English, retaining the meaning of "through", but also acquiring connotations of completeness, carefulness, and perfection.
The term "bass" stems from the Italian word "basso", which means "low" or "deep". In the context of music, "bass" refers to the lowest range of musical tones or the lowest-pitched part in a composition.
Combining these two elements, "thoroughbass" came to be used primarily in Baroque music.
