The word "thews and sinews" may be confusing in terms of spelling. The word "thews" is pronounced as /θjuːz/, with the "th" being a voiceless dental fricative sound. Meanwhile, "sinews" is pronounced as /ˈsɪnjuːz/, with the "s" being a voiceless alveolar fricative sound. Both words have the "-ews" sequence, but they differ in their initial sound. "Thews" comes from the Old English word "theow," while "sinews" originated from the Latin word "sineu."
"Theews and sinews" is a traditional idiomatic expression that refers to the physical strength and muscular power of a person. In this context, "thews" and "sinews" are used interchangeably and share similar meanings.
"Theews" derives from the Old English word "theow" meaning "servant or warrior." It specifically denotes the muscular power and brawn that signifies physical strength in an individual. The term is often employed to describe a person's robust or well-developed musculature, emphasizing their vigor and power. It portrays the idea of solid, thick muscles capable of exerting considerable force.
Similarly, "sinews" is derived from the Old English word "sinewa," which indicates the tendons or tough fibrous tissues in the body responsible for connecting muscle to bone. These tissues are integral in transmitting the power generated by the muscles during movement. Thus, "sinews" also symbolize physical strength and resilience, particularly in reference to a person's muscular capabilities.
Together, "thews and sinews" epitomize a person's vitality and physical prowess. The expression suggests a well-built physique and the ability to exert significant force or endure demanding physical activities. It is often used in literature, poetry, and some older forms of communication to extol or emphasize the strength and power of individuals, particularly warriors, athletes, or heroes.
The pith and strength of any effort or enterprise.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.