How Do You Spell TETRALOGY OF FALLOT?

Pronunciation: [tɛtɹˈaləd͡ʒi ɒv fˈɔːlɒt] (IPA)

Tetralogy of Fallot is a heart disorder caused by four specific defects in the heart's structure. The word tetralogy is spelled /tɛˈtræl.ə.dʒi/ in IPA phonetic transcription, indicating the stress is on the second syllable. The "-logy" suffix refers to the study of something, while the first part, "tetra-" denotes the fact that there are four different defects at play. The name is derived from the French physician Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, who first described the condition in 1888.

TETRALOGY OF FALLOT Meaning and Definition

1. Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect characterized by a combination of four anatomical abnormalities in the structure of the heart. It is named after the French physician, Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, who first described the condition in 1888.

   The four components of Tetralogy of Fallot include a ventricular septal defect (a hole in the wall that separates the two lower chambers of the heart), an overriding aorta (which is positioned directly above the ventricular septal defect instead of arising from the left ventricle as it should), pulmonary stenosis (narrowing or obstruction of the pulmonary valve or pulmonary artery), and right ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement of the right ventricle wall due to increased workload).

   These abnormalities cause a disruption in the normal flow of deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs, resulting in a decreased amount of oxygen getting delivered to the body. Common symptoms of Tetralogy of Fallot include cyanosis (blueish coloration of the skin, lips, and nails), difficulty breathing, poor growth, and episodes of fainting or loss of consciousness.

   Tetralogy of Fallot is typically diagnosed in infancy or early childhood, and surgical intervention is usually required to repair the defect. Surgical treatment involves close inspection and correction of the anatomical abnormalities through a procedure called total correction, which aims to improve oxygen levels and ensure proper blood flow to the lungs and the rest of the body. With appropriate medical management and surgical intervention, the prognosis for individuals with Tetralogy of Fallot is generally favorable.

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