Testis cancer, also known as testicular cancer, refers to the malignant growth of abnormal cells in the testicles, which are the male reproductive glands located in the scrotum. This type of cancer primarily affects men between the ages of 15 and 35, but it can occur at any age.
Testis cancer usually originates in the germ cells, which are responsible for sperm production. However, it can also develop from other types of cells within the testicles. The specific cause of testis cancer remains unknown, but certain risk factors like undescended testicles, family history, and abnormal testicular development increase the likelihood of its occurrence.
Symptoms of testis cancer may include a painless lump or swelling in one or both testicles, a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum, testicular pain or discomfort, and changes in size or shape of the testicles. However, these symptoms can also be associated with other conditions unrelated to cancer.
Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment of testis cancer. Diagnostic methods often include physical examination, ultrasound, blood tests, and biopsy. The most common treatments for testis cancer include surgical removal of the affected testicle, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surveillance to monitor the disease's progress.
Testis cancer generally has a high cure rate, particularly when diagnosed and treated early. Even in cases where the cancer has spread beyond the testicles, effective treatments are available, and the prognosis is often favorable. Regular self-examination of the testicles and seeking medical attention for any concerning symptoms can aid in early detection and successful management of testis cancer.
