Testicular cancer is a type of cancer that primarily affects the testicles, which are the male reproductive organs responsible for producing hormones and sperm. It occurs when there is an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells in one or both testicles. Testicular cancer most commonly affects men between the ages of 15 and 40 but can occur at any age.
The exact cause of testicular cancer is not fully understood, but certain risk factors have been identified, such as a family history of the disease, prior history of testicular cancer, undescended testicles, and certain genetic conditions.
Common symptoms of testicular cancer include a lump or swelling in either testicle, pain or discomfort in the testicles or scrotum, a heaviness or ache in the lower abdomen or groin area, and a sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum. However, not all individuals with testicular cancer experience noticeable symptoms.
Diagnostic procedures for testicular cancer include physical examination, ultrasound imaging, blood tests to measure tumor markers, and in some cases, a biopsy. Treatment options for testicular cancer typically include surgery to remove the affected testicle, followed by radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of both, depending on the specific stage and characteristics of the cancer.
Overall, testicular cancer has a high cure rate, especially when diagnosed and treated at an early stage. Regular self-examinations, early detection, and prompt treatment are crucial for successful outcomes in individuals affected by testicular cancer.
